ARCH 0100 Field Archaeology in the Ancient World / ANTH 0500 Past Forward: Discovering Anthropological Archaeology
Always wanted to be Indiana Jones? This course, focusing on the Mediterranean world and its neighbors in antiquity, interprets field archaeology in its broadest sense. In addition to exploring “how to do” archaeology – the techniques of locating, retrieving and analyzing ancient remains – we will consider how the nature of these methodologies affects our understanding of the past. Instructors: Laurel Bestock and Parker VanValkenburgh. MWF 10-10:50. A/E/C 1.

ARCH 0172 South Asian Art and Architecture (HIAA 0023)
Interested students must register for HIAA 0023.
This course is an introduction to South Asian Art & Architecture, from 2500 BCE until the present, and to Southeast Asian Arts connected to them through religion, trade, or conquest. We will explore a range of media—including architecture, painting, sculpture, textiles, and photography—to ask critical questions about the nature of images and their relationship to emotions, the environment, devotion, politics, performance, and other art forms, like literature, music, and dance. The course will include regular visits to the RISD museum. Instructor: Holly Shaffer. TTh 10:30-11:50am. A/E/C 2; A6.

ARCH 0295: Crafts and Production in the Ancient World: Making Material Culture
The manufacture of artifacts distinguishes us from all other species. However, archaeologists often struggle with interpreting material culture without understanding its origins and production. This course will examine how things are made, considering craftsmanship and agricultural production, from raw materials to finished objects: sculpture and mosaics, bricks and concrete, ceramic and glass, metallurgy, tanneries, oil, wine, and perfumes. Through case studies and hands-on activities, students will consider the importance of the technological processes that produce artifacts for archaeology’s investigation of our human past. Instructor: Mina Nikolovieni. MWF 12-12:50pm. A 6; E/C 5.

ARCH 0396 Ancient Synagogues, Churches, and Mosques (JUDS 0050P)
Interested students must register for JUDS 0050P.
In this seminar we will examine the architecture and art of synagogues, churches, and mosques from antiquity through the present. We will learn how different building traditions evolved over time, and how sacred spaces reflect beliefs and practices of Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Of interest will be both unique regional and chronological trends—characteristics that are indicative of a specific religious community—but also the parallels and shared features common to all Abrahamic religions. Special attention will be given to questions of gendered space and the role of patriarchy and women’s agency in shaping religious architectures. Instructor: Katharina Galor. Th 4-6:30pm. FYS. A/E/C 3; A 6; E/C 6. 

ARCH 0524 Art and Architecture of the Roman Empire (HIAA 0032)
Interested students must register for HIAA 0032.
How did a small city in central Italy grow to become one of the most powerful empires in history? This course explores the art and architecture produced in ancient Rome from its origins in the 6th century BCE to the fourth century CE. It considers a wide variety of media, including reliefs, freestanding sculpture, architectural monuments, mosaics, wall paintings, and daily-life objets. By exploring the role of art and architecture in the formation and expansion of the Empire, considering the experiences of ancient viewers, the course offers a post-colonial reading of ancient Roman history and culture. Instructor: Gretel Rodriguez. MWF 1-1:50pm. A/E/C 2,4.

ARCH 0775 Farm to Table: Foodways and Gastro-Politics in the Ancient World
This course provides an introduction to the culture, economy, and politics of food in the ancient world. We will not only investigate the day-to-day of food production, consumption, and disposal; we will also develop an appreciation for changing food fashions, for the etiquette of eating and drinking, and for the complex world of gastro-politics. Through case studies, we will explore topics such as subsistence and diet, feasting, food security, power, race and ethnicity, and gender. We will even explore the ancient kitchen using our own hands, mouths, and stomachs as a guide. Instructor: Lorenzo Castellano. MWF 2-2:50pm. A 6; E/C 5.

ARCH 1051 Archaeology of Settler Colonialism (ANTH 1622)
Interested students must register for ANTH 1622.
The course uses settler colonialism as a framework for understanding how European colonists attempted to displace and eliminate Indigenous peoples beginning in the 15th century and its historical implications for structural inequalities of race and gender. We will look at how settler colonialism is different from colonialism, and more importantly, at resistances challenging its ambitions. Case studies from North America mostly, but also Australia, South Africa, and other settler colonial societies will focus on historical archaeology’s contributions to illuminating settler colonialist strategies for establishing and maintaining settler sovereignty in light of concerns for decolonizing archaeological practices. We will give special attention to the insights gained about the experiences of dispossessed, enslaved, and marginalized peoples and their descendants, and the many ways their actions critiqued settler colonialism and imagined different futures. Instructor: Patricia Rubertone. TTh 10:30-11:50. A 5,6,7,8,9,10; E/C 5,10.

ARCH 1128 The Long Fall of the Roman Empire (HIST 1205)
Interested students must register for HIST 1205.
Once thought of as the "Dark Ages," this period of western European history should instead be seen as a fascinating time in which late Roman culture fused with that of the Germanic tribes, a mixture tempered by a new religion, Christianity. Issues of particular concern include the symbolic construction of political authority, the role of religion, the nature of social loyalties, and gender roles. Instructor: Jonathan Conant. MWF 1-1:50pm. A 7,8,9,10; E/C 10; C 6,8,9.

ARCH 1208  Globalism before Globalization: The Interconnected World of the Early Middle Ages (HIST 1954F)
Interested students must register for HIST 1954F.
Long before the internet or digital technology, the world was a globally interconnected place. This class looks at a period usually considered an age of localism, ca. 400–1000 CE, and considers the contacts and cultural exchanges between societies usually studied in isolation, across Afro-Eurasia, Oceania, and the Americas. Class sessions interweave student analysis of primary sources in translation and assessment of modern scholarship. Themes include art and visual culture, world literature, religion, ritual, courtly society, political and social formation, cultural hybridity, trade, disease, voyages of exploration, race-making, and early medieval understandings of human connectedness on a global scale. Instructor: Jonathan Conant. M 3-5:30pm. A/E/C 5,10; A 6,7,8,9; E/C 10.

ARCH 1211 The Body and the Senses in Medieval Art (HIAA 1440E)
Interested students must register for HIAA 1440E.
The seminar considers the contradictory aspects of embodiment in the visual and material culture of the Middle Ages. We will examine the veneration of holy bodies through living holy individuals, and through body parts (relics) and the Eucharist enshrined in sumptuous containers. We will look at the iconography of death and resurrection, the representation of the body in painting and sculpture, attitudes toward sexuality, the performance of identity through clothing, and the sumptuary laws that governed clothing and behavior. We will investigate funerary rituals and burial, and the movement of living bodies in dance and in civic and religious processions. M 3-5:30pm. A/E/C 10; A 6; E/C 5.

ARCH 1272 Troy: Fact, Fiction, Impact (CLAS 1240)
Interested students must register for CLAS 1240
Perhaps no other myth from the ancient Mediterranean has captivated public imagination more than the Trojan War. Its heroes and antiheroes, from Achilles, Agamemnon, and Odysseus to Hector, Paris, and Helen have inspired generations of storytellers, from Homer’s Iliad in antiquity to Christopher’s Nolan’s Odyssey in the present. This course explores Troy, both the physical place and the ever-evolving legend. It introduces the archaeology of the site and its environment, ponders the enduring significance of the myths surrounding the Trojan War, and examines their representation and reception through the ages. No prior knowledge of antiquity is required. Instructor: Jana Mokrisova. MWF 1-1:50pm. A 6,7,8,9,10; E 10; C 8,9,10.

ARCH 1273 Xenophon’s Anabasis: Empire, Contact, Archaeology (CLAS 1520)
Interested students must register for CLAS 1520.
Xenophon’s Anabasis is a gripping first-person account of the "Ten Thousand," a Greek mercenary army stranded in the heart of the Persian Empire after a failed coup in 401 BCE. Led in part by Xenophon—an Athenian student of Socrates—the army undertook a perilous two-year retreat through Mesopotamia, Armenia, and Kurdistan to reach the Black Sea. The narrative is remarkable on several counts: its cinematic scope, its reflections on leadership, and its ethnographic and geographic commentary. It shaped Alexander the Great's Persian campaign and was read for millennia as a core humanistic text. Yet, in recent decades, it has all but disappeared from educational curricula. In this course we will rediscover Xenophon’s Anabasis and its many readers, considering the text from archaeological, historical, literary, and ethnographic angles. No knowledge of Ancient Greek is required. Instructors: Felipe Rojas and Johanna Hanink. TTh 2:30-3:50pm. A 6,7,8,9,10; E 10; C 8,9,10.

ARCH 1544 Heritage in the Metropolis: Remembering and Preserving the Urban Past (URBN 1871A)
Interested students must register for URBN 1871A.
Urban heritage – from archaeological sites and historic architecture to longstanding cultural practices – is increasingly threatened by the exponential growth of cities around the globe. Most critically, the complex histories and lived experiences of the diverse communities who have inhabited and shaped cities are often in danger of being erased and forgotten today. This course examines how we might remember and preserve this urban past – and the tangible sites and artifacts that attest to it – ­in light of the social and political dynamics of cities in the present. Instructor: Lauren Yapp. W 2-4:30pm. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9; E/C 5.

ARCH 1626 Gods, Mummies, and Myths: Exploring Ancient Egyptian Society (EGYT 1050)
Interested students must register for EGYT 1050.
This survey course explores the foundational myths, deities, and creation narratives that informed the worldview and shaped the culture and society of ancient Egypt over more than 3,000 years. Through the study of archaeological evidence, historiographic records, and translated texts (including literary and funerary texts), students will examine how these beliefs structured Egyptian society, from kingship to daily life. Key topics include the function and symbolism of pyramids, cosmology (the origins, structure, and order of the universe and the natural world), religious practices, concepts of life and death, personal piety, morality and justice, and the dynamics of tradition and change. No prerequisites. Instructor: Christelle Alvarez. MW 3-4:20pm. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9; E 6,7.

ARCH 1634 At the Crossroads of Three Continents: Ancient Egypt’s History from the Collapse to Cleopatra (EGYT 1435)
Interested students must register for EGYT 1435.
The year is c. 1170 BCE: Egypt is already ancient, but gone are the days of building pyramids, and for hundreds of years, the Pharaohs of the New Kingdom had managed an empire stretching from Syria to Egypt following the Nile south into Sudan. Starting with the ‘Bronze Age Collapse’ and continuing through the equally seismic shifts that followed, this course examines the latter half of ancient Egyptian history. Students will learn how this ancient state constantly reinvented itself, through the rule of an elite class of priests, Kushite Pharaohs and Assyrian invaders, a Saite Renaissance and interactions with Greek colonists, Persian occupations and revolts, and the rise and fall of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. Using archaeology and written sources in translation, we will explore this broad but captivating chapter of human history. No prerequisites. Instructor: Jonathan Russell. MWF 10-10:50am. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9; E 6,7.

ARCH 1773 Bioarchaeology and Forensic Anthropology
Bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology have common methodological roots (human osteology) but are oriented to answer very different questions. Both are grounded in the anthropological sub-disciplines of biological anthropology and archaeology. The focus in bioarchaeology is advancing our understanding of the human experience in the past. Bioarchaeologists study a range of topics including health, violence, migration, and embodiment. Forensic anthropology is a form of applied anthropology that is employed to document and interpret human remains in medico-legal contexts. The course will survey both fields while instructing in the methodologies and approaches of each. The course complements The Human Skeleton (ARCH 1722 / ANTH 1720). Instructor: Maya Krause. TTh 1-2:20pm. A 6,7,8.

ARCH 1775 Animals in Archaeology
Food, foe, friend: animals play all these roles, and more, in their relationship to humans, in the past as well as the present. This course will explore how zooarchaeology — the study of animal remains (bones, teeth, and shells) — allows us to reconstruct ancient human-animal-environmental interactions. We will cover a range of topics and analytical techniques, including hands-on sessions for the identification and quantification of faunal remains. Instructor: Victoria Moses. TTh 10:30-11:50am. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9; E/C 5,10.

ARCH 1845 The Archaeology of Textiles
Humans need the warmth – and social capital – clothes provide, ships need cloth to sail, sheep and flax need pastures and fields. Fabric and its production have shaped our physical and cultural environments for millennia. But cloth’s ephemeral nature makes it nearly invisible in the archaeological record – and biases against so-called women’s work have rendered fabric production similarly unseen in scholarship. Through hands-on learning, students in this class will process fiber, spin with a spindle, and weave on a loom we build. Students will connect this practice with their own research, investigating the production and use of ancient textiles in student-driven case studies. Instructor: Laurel Bestock. Th 2:30-5:00pm. A 6,7,8; E/C 5.

ARCH 1872 Environmental Anthropology (ANTH 1555)
Interested students must register for ANTH 1555.
Environmental anthropology is the study of how people interact with environments, past and present. This course explores how humans have affected their environments over time and how environment shapes human culture, employing an interdisciplinary anthropological perspective to illuminate these reciprocal interactions. This course uses a variety of approaches to understand how people interact with environments, employing cultural, biological, linguistic, and archaeological methods. This course covers human adaptation to environmental change from earliest prehistory up to the present day and students will have the opportunity to explore the practical and interpretive dilemmas of environmental challenges of the 21st century and beyond. Instructor: Adela Zhang. TTh 2:30-3:50pm. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9; E/C 5.

ARCH 1886 Introduction to Spatial Digital Humanities (HMAN 1300B)
Interested students must register for HMAN 1300B.
The spatial humanities merges geographical information systems (GIS), geospatial analysis, and quantitative data with critical questions in the humanities and areas of study such as literature, history, art, and culture. It asks the “why” in the “where” in digital humanities (DH). This course introduces students to the digital and virtual worlds of maps, data, algorithms, VR/AR/XR, and critical DH scholarships. Together, we approach the spatial humanities from a variety of angles, including race, gender, de/anti/postcolonialism, and other subfields in DH. Students will experiment with prominent digital tools (Omeka Neatline, Leaflet, ArcGIS, StoryMaps, etc.) to develop their digital skillsets and learn to create maps and spatial artifacts of their own. Instructor: Khanh Vo. TTh 10:30-11:50am. 

ARCH 1891 Alien Writing: Invented Scripts from Demons to Dune (ASYR 1020)
Interested students must register for ASYR 1020.
This class is an exploration of human graphic ingenuity, and also of human limitations in the attempt to imagine how human and non-human others write (and read). We will examine ancient magical treatises, fantasy literature, Hollywood blockbusters and B-movies, and video-games to ask: Why do people invent writing systems for fictive worlds? What can writing systems used by devils and demons or angels and aliens tell us about writing systems invented and used by humans (such as Mesopotamian cuneiform, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Viking runes, and the Cherokee syllabary)? How are “con-scripts”—writing systems invented for fictive worlds—different from and/or similar to other writing systems? Why do people learn to write in Tolkien’s cirth or to “read” magical charakteres? Instructor: Felipe Rojas. W 3-5:30pm. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9; E/C 5, 10.

ARCH 1900 The Archaeology of College Hill
A training class in field and laboratory techniques.  Topics include the nature of field archaeology, excavation and survey methodologies, archaeological ethics, computer technologies (such as GIS), and site and artifact analysis and conservation.  Students will act as practicing archaeologists through the investigation of local historical and archaeological sites in the College Hill area (e.g. the First Baptist Church of America and the John Brown House). Instructor: Candace Rice. W 3-5:30pm. A/E/C 1; A 7,8; E/C 5.

ARCH 2112 Roman Epigraphy (LATN 2120A)
Interested students must register for LATN 2120A.
A practical introduction to the study of Latin inscriptions, with emphasis on the reading, editing, and interpretation of texts on stone. Class time will be divided between discussion of various categories of texts in the light of the 'epigraphic habit', literacy, and the sociology of reading in antiquity and hands-on experience with editing inscriptions on stone. Instructor: John Bodel. M 3-5:20pm. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9,10; C 6,7,8,9,10. 

ARCH 2157 Subaltern Communities: Archaeological Perspectives Beyond Domination and Resistance
Mediterranean (pre)history is usually cast in terms of an inexorable rise of state domination and colonial exploitation under the euphemistic label of ‘social complexity’. This seminar will examine and highlight the role of ‘people without history’ not by simply pitching them as rebels against dominant powers but by exploring the subtle and manifold connections that interweave subaltern communities with hegemonic groups. Instructor: Peter van Dommelen. F 3-5:30pm. A 6,7,8; C 8,9.

ARCH 2858 Advanced GIS and Spatial Analysis (ANTH 2202)
Interested students must register for ANTH 2202.
This course develops students’ skills in geographic information systems and spatial analysis beyond those taught in Anthropology 1201 or other introductory GIS courses, with the goal of facilitating advanced, independent research. The course begins with a rapid review of data models, spatial data management, and thematic mapping, which is designed to quickly bring students with less formal GIS training up to speed. We then move on suitability modeling, network analysis, intermediate spatial statistics, and scripting, with a focus on developing competencies across multiple software platforms, including QGIS, ArcGIS Pro and R. Some topics can be further adjusted to meet student needs and interests. There are no formal prerequisites but an introductory course in GIS (such as Anthropology 1201) is highly recommended. Instructor: Parker VanValkenburgh. M 3-5:30pm. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9; E/C 5.

ARCH 0150a Introduction to Egyptian Archaeology and Art (EGYT 0150)
Interested students must register for EGYT 0150.
An introductory survey of the archaeology, art and architecture of ancient Egypt, ranging in time from the prehistoric cultures of the Nile Valley through the period of Roman control.  While the course will examine famous features and characters of ancient Egypt (pyramids, mummies, King Tut!), it will also provide a wide-ranging review of the archaeology of this remarkable land. Instructor: Laurel Bestock. MWF 1-1:50pm.

ARCH 0230 Myriad Mediterraneans: Archaeology, Representation and Decolonization
As debates rage about the Classical roots of Western society, the ancient Mediterranean itself is largely overlooked and continues to be seen in stereotypes. Because the ancient Mediterranean was not just white, male and colonizing, this course will explore the extensive archaeological evidence for cultural, gender, ethnic, economic and other forms of diversity during the first millennium BCE. Can archaeology contribute to current debates about decolonization? Conversely, can contemporary debates about indigenous ways of being shine a fresh light on ancient evidence? FYS. Instructor: Peter van Dommelen. TTh 9-10:20am.

ARCH 0398 Arts of the Sacred and the Demonic in the Ancient Mediterranean (RELS 0405)
Interested students must register for RELS 0405.
From rural temple to urban shrine, to elegant synagogue or village church, from household prayer nook to adorned tomb, people in the ancient world honored, encountered, and experienced their gods. They practiced a piety in which human flourishing depended on gestures, rituals, and built articulations of devotion mediated by beauty. But holy powers could also be malevolent, so ancient art served to protect, warn, or ward off evil spirits. This course will explore the art, architecture, and material cultures of ancient Greeks, Romans, Jews, and Christians between the 6th century BCE and the 6th century CE. We will consider a wide variety of evidence, including texts, sculpture, frescoes, mosaics, architecture, and domestic artifacts, to explore the many ways in which these distinct but connected communities expressed their beliefs through visual representations and material practices. Instructors: Susan Ashbrook Harvey and Gretel Rodriguez. MWF 1-1:50pm.

ARCH 0404 Cathedrals and Castles (HIAA 0420)
Interested students must register for HIAA 0420.
The course aims to engage critically with the major architectural features of the medieval world: the cathedral and the castle. In addition to examining specific buildings as case studies, we will also interrogate the cultural context and the material culture associated with the construction, use and meanings of these important spaces. The course is arranged thematically rather than chronologically. MWF 10-10:50am.

ARCH 0420 Archaeologies of the Greek Past
From Bronze Age palaces to the Acropolis in Athens and on the trail of Alexander the Great, this course explores the ancient Greek world through archaeology—using  art, architecture, and everyday objects to learn about ancient Greek society, from the mysterious to the mundane.  It also considers how we experience ancient Greece today, including questions about archaeological practice, the antiquities trade, and cultural heritage. WRIT. Instructor: Jana Mokrisova. MWF 10-10:50am.

ARCH 0526a Behind Closed Doors? The Archaeology of Domestic Life in the Roman World (CLAS 0526)
Interested students must register for CLAS 0526.
This course explores the archaeological remains of domestic life across the Roman world from Pompeii to Britain to Syria and attempts to reconstruct the private lives of Romans, particularly the women, children, servants and slaves who were less visible in more public spheres. We will consider the methodological complexities of interpreting artefact assemblages and reflect on our own houses and notions of private lives both as sources of inspiration and stumbling blocks for understanding Roman domestic life as we open doors and re-people Roman houses. Instructor: Candace Rice. MWF 1-1:50am.

ARCH 0785 Of Dice and Men: Games in Human Societies Past and Present
From ancient dice games, marathons, and gladiator battles to virtual worldbuilding and mobile phone games, students in this course will explore the roles of competition and play in cultures. But, equally importantly, students will play games! We will consider games through the lenses of anthropology, archaeology, psychology, and philosophy. And by playing games, both ancient and modern, students will question how games are a distinctly human phenomenon and play essential parts in human lives, in ways that are not entirely obvious or expected. Instructor: Felipe Rojas. TTh 10:30-11:50am.

ARCH 1162 Anthropology in/of the Museum (ANTH 1901)
Interested students must register for ANTH 1901.
This course will provide an introduction to the history, purposes, transformations, and internal workings of museums from an anthropological perspective. Students will learn about museums that focus on natural and cultural history related to anthropological studies of archaeology, human evolution, and world ethnography. It will cover the relevance of anthropological training to careers in the museum field, as well as the importance of conducting anthropological investigations in the museum environment. Enrollment limited to 20. Instructor: Christina Hodge. F 3-5:30pm.

ARCH 1235 Vertical Civilization: South American Archaeology from Monte Verde to the Inkas (ANTH 1505)
Interested students must register for ANTH 1505.
This course offers an introduction to the archaeology of indigenous south American Civilizations, from the peopling of the continent around 13,000 years ago, to the Spanish Invasion of the 16th Century C.E. Throughout, we seek to understand the often unique solutions that South America indigenous peoples developed to deal with risk and to make sense of the world around them. Course lectures and discussions focus on recent research and major debates. Weekly sections draw on viewings of artifacts and manuscripts from the Haffenreffer Museum and the John Carter Brown Library. Instructor: Parker VanValkenburgh. TTh 2:30-3:50pm. A/E/C 5,10; A6,7,8,9.

ARCH 1238 Classic Mayan Civilization (ANTH 1031)
Interested students must register for ANTH 1031.
Examines the history, culture, and society of the Classic Maya, with special emphasis on Preclassic precursors, dynasties, environmental adaptation, imagery, architecture, urban form, and the Maya Collapse. Instructor: Stephen Houston. TTh 1-2:20pm. A/E/C 5,10; A 6,7,8,9.

ARCH 1282 Mediterranean Culture Wars: Archaic Greek History, c. 1200 to 479 BC (CLAS 1210)
Interested students must register for CLAS 1210.
From the end of the Bronze Age to the end of the Persian Wars is a period of considerable change in the Mediterranean and beyond. The Greek polis challenges the powers of the ancient Near East. Over seven centuries we meet Greek writing, Homeric epic, and the first historian (Herodotus). But the Greek world lay on the edges of the Ancient Near East and this course tries to offer a more balanced approach than the typically Hellenocentric perspective of the standard textbooks. CLAS 1210 addresses cultural, political, social, and economic histories. Literary, epigraphical and archaeological cultures provide the evidence. There are no written exams for this course. No previous knowledge of the ancient world is required. WRIT. Instructor: Graham Oliver. MWF 11-11:50am.

ARCH 1434 Jerusalem: Jews, Christians, Muslims (UNIV 1003)
Interested students must register for UNIV 1003.
In this course, we will examine how competing heritage narratives of the city of Jerusalem have been shaped by Jewish, Christian, and Muslim histories and beliefs, as well as by Israeli, Palestinian, and international views and interests. We will explore the impact of media portrayal, educational platforms, and archaeological explorations in the contexts of social, religious, and political debates from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. At the focus will be the question of the city’s indivisible heritage and boundaries that divide the city and its communities. Instructor: Katharina Galor. W 3-5:30pm. A6,7,8,9,10; E6,7,10; C10.

ARCH 1771 Archaeology of Death (ANTH 1623)
Interested students must register for ANTH 1623.
Examines death, burial, and memorials using comparative archaeological evidence from prehistory and historical periods. The course asks: What insight does burial give us about the human condition? How do human remains illuminate the lives of people in the past? What can mortuary artifacts tell us about personal identities and social relations? What do gravestones and monuments reveal about beliefs and emotions? Current cultural and legal challenges to the excavation and study of the dead are also considered. Instructor: Patricia Rubertone. MWF 10-10:50am. A/E/C:10; A:6,7,8,9.

ARCH 1772 The Human Skeleton
More than simply a tissue within our bodies, the human skeleton is gateway into narratives of the past--from the evolution of our species to the biography of individual past lives. Through lecture and hands-on laboratory, students will learn the complete anatomy of the human skeleton, with an emphasis on the human skeleton in functional and evolutionary perspective. We will also explore forensic and bioarchaeological approaches to the skeleton. By the course conclusion, students will be able to conduct basic skeletal analysis and will be prepared for more advanced studies of the skeleton from medical, forensic, archaeological, and evolutionary perspectives. Enrollment limited to 20. Not open to first year students. Students who have previously received credit for ANTH 1720 may not enroll in ARCH 1772. Instructor permission required. Instructor: Maya Krause. MWF 12-12:50pm. A/E/C 1,10; A 6,7,8,9; E/C 5.

ARCH 1852 Material Culture Practicum (ANTH 1621)
Interested students must register for ANTH 1621.
Combines theory with hands-on study of material culture in historical archaeology. Students gain skills and experience in identifying, dating, recording, analyzing, and interpreting artifacts and conduct individual or team research projects. W 3-5:30pm. A/E/C 10; A 6,7,8,9.

ARCH 1856 Metals in the Ancient World
Worth its weight in gold, strong as iron, born with a silver spoon – all clichés, but certainly not empty phrases! Gold, silver, iron, copper and its alloys had major impacts not only on local and regional economies, but also on ritual, architecture, warfare, and nearly every other aspect of ancient (and modern) life. This course explores the significant social, cultural, and economic role of metals, particularly in the aptly named Bronze and Iron Ages, from ore extraction to production of objects. Instructor: Jana Mokrisova. MWF 2-2:50pm. 

ARCH 1864 Paleoethnobotany: Ancient Agriculture to Criminal Investigations
How can we use botanical evidence to understand the past, from cold cases to VERY cold cases? Which roles did plants play in ancient communities? What happens to plant remains after they become incorporated into the archaeological record, and what are the methods used to study these "ecofacts"? How do paleoethnobotanical interpretations contribute to our understanding of history and structure our public policy? How is botanical forensic evidence used in law enforcement investigations? This course trains students in laboratory methods and interpretations of botanical evidence through hands-on practice. We explore the major classes of plant remains likely to be encountered in forensic cases and archaeological sites; identify botanical residues and organize the data to make interpretable results; and address major issues within the discipline. Instructor: Lorenzo Castellano. TTh 1-2:20pm. 

HIST 1960U Forgotten Sahara: A History of Northern Africa in the Early Middle Ages (HIST 1960U)
Interested students must register for HIST 1960U.
Scholars of the premodern world often tacitly accept that the Sahara acted as a barrier to long-distance exchange across the African continent. By centering the Sahara and its ancient inhabitants, this class seeks to challenge that assumption. Saharan people developed complex and sophisticated states that traded, competed, and otherwise interacted with the now better-known Roman and Islamic empires, and fostered the flow of people, goods, and ideas through and across the world’s largest desert. Class meetings will interweave discussion of primary sources in translation, archaeological evidence, and modern scholarly debates. Topics include the Sahara and its inhabitants; the kingdoms of Fazzan, Sudan, and Aksum; Egypt and the Maghrib in the late Roman empire; North African Jewish, Christian, and Islamic communities; urban, village, and pastoral lifeways; and Mediterranean, Indian Ocean, and trans-Saharan trade. Instructor: Jonathan Conant. W 3-5:30pm.

ARCH 2101 Material Matters (ANTH 2515)
Interested students must register for ANTH 2515.
In the past decade there has been a growing interest in the study of material culture as an explicitly interdisciplinary endeavor involving the fields of anthropology, archaeology, art history, literary theory, museum studies, and philosophy, among many others. These perspectives exhibit a range of approaches to interrogating how people make things, how things make people, how objects mediate social relationships, and how inanimate objects can be argued as having a form of agency. This graduate seminar is designed to encourage reflection upon material culture and its influence in shaping our lives. Instructor: Robert Preucel. Th 4-6:30pm.

ARCH 2228 Prosperity in Antiquity
What did it mean to be prosperous in antiquity, and how do we identify this in the archaeological record? What methodologies can we use to conceptualize and evaluate privilege in the ancient world? This course investigates material evidence for prosperity at individual, community, and state levels, seeking to understand how lives were affected by broader societal prosperity. We’ll address questions of inequality, explore the impact of technological developments, and consider how literacy, art, and entertainment contributed to a different quality of life for the wealthy. Instructor: Candace Rice. W 3-5:30pm.